Lipuli

Kalenga stone fort was known as Lipuli. Lipuli is derived from Ipuli (in Nyamwezi) meaning strong elephant. Lipuli was 12 feet high and eight miles long. The fort was built for four years, it is estimated that it was started in 1887at a time when Chief Mkwawa knew about German activities near the coast. Chief Mkwawa got the idea from seeing other stone forts in Unyamwezi or the building of Arabs and Europeans near the coast.

The Hehe trusted the fort so greately that they believed nothing was able to knock it down. Women were singing "there is nothing which can come here, unless perhaps there is something which drops from the heavens".

During the Germans second invasion, despite the inexperience in fighting defensive battles, the Hehe opted for a defensive war because of their trust in the fort. Tom von Prince admitted that, the Germans second expedition was extremely lucky that the Hehe opted for defensive tactics in the fort, if they had opted for guerilla style the Germans would have been defeated again.